Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food. Raw wheat can be milled into flour or, using hard durum wheat only, can be milled into semolina; germinated and dried creating malt; crushed or cut into cracked wheat; parboiled (or steamed), dried, crushed and de-branned into bulgur also known as groats.
If the raw wheat is broken into parts at the mill, as is usually done, the outer husk or bran can be used several ways. The many species of wheat together make up the genus Triticum; the most widely grown is common wheat . Harvested wheat grain that enters trade is classified according to grain properties for the purposes of the commodity markets.
| 1 class | 2 class | 3 class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moisture | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.5 |
| Broken grain | 0-3,00 | 3,01-5,00 | 5,01-6,00 |
| Hectoliter (kg/hl) | 78 and over | 76,0-77,9 | 74,0-75,9 |
| Protein | 13,5 and over | 12,5-13,4 | 11,5-12,4 |
| Hagberg falling numbers seconds (minimum) | 250 | 220 | 220 |
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Wheat grains
Wheat meal
Wheat bran